The Animal Welfare Institute (AWI) has sought to reduce the human-inflicted suffering of all animals since its founding in 1951. Article 28(k) provides that anyone breaching the prohibitions in Article 14(a), (b) or (i) is subject to pay an administrative fine of two hundred and fifty million Lira (since devaluation in 2005, two hundred and fifty Lira), and to have the animal confiscated. Furthermore, those who wish to breed from the said animals must register all young animals born and are responsible for their care and/or distribution.' For example, consumers might assume they are getting a higher-welfare product if they choose a turkey labeled “USDA Certified Organic.” USDA certification, however, does not include robust standards for animal welfare. There is no policy or legislation related specifically to pigs. The welfare of companion animals is highlighted as an individual issue within the Animal Protection Law. The Animal Protection Law (2004) is unusual in that it provides no specific definition of ‘animal’ and instead, the Law explicitly states that ‘all animals are born equal’. This goal looks at whether the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE)’s animal welfare standards have been incorporated into law or policy, and whether the Government is supportive of the Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare. The Regulation on the Establishment of Animals Gardens and Working Procedures and Principles (2007) provides that owners who house animals in poor conditions (in breach of the Animal Protection Act 2004) are subject to a fine under Article 28 (n) of that law. Under the Regulation, in cage-free systems each chicken is required to be provided with at least 1m2 for nesting and several access doors to the outside. Although the term ‘animal’ is not defined in the Law, it explicitly states that ‘all animals are born equal and have a right to life,’ thus suggesting that all animal species are included in the scope of the Law. Regulation on the Transport of Live Animal and Animal Products in the country (2011) governs transport of farm animals in Turkey. Article 24 of the Animal Protection Law (2004) provides that anyone who acts in breach of the provisions of the Law, and in this manner, seriously neglects the animals in their care or causes them pain, suffering or damage, will be banned from keeping animals. thus including stray dogs and cats. The original amendments were subsequently withdrawn by the government after a series of public demonstrations. The Animal Protection Law (Law 5199, 2004) governs animal protection in Turkey. Select up to four countries and then select 'Compare' to start contrasting animal welfare standards. Religious slaughter rules will be determined by the Ministry in charge of the Directorate of Religious Affairs. The Regulation also mandates that transport vehicles be covered to provide adequate air in accordance with weather conditions and that vehicles have height and space suitable to the volume of animals being transported. American Meat Institute. The Animal Protection Law (2004) recognises animal welfare as an individual issue, demonstrates some understanding of animal sentience and is applicable to all animals in Turkey. Neither do the stated responsibilities of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry include animal welfare. Although the Hunting (2003) Law does prohibit some forms of hunting that result in poor welfare, it also makes provisions for hunting by tourists using methods including bow and arrow (Article 16) and thus legitimises some practices that may result in poor animal welfare. However, given recent updates to animal welfare legislation in Turkey, it is possible the most recent Government investigation will result in improved animal welfare for animals used for entertainment and draught purposes. Therefore, there appear to be no enforcement mechanisms relevant to this indicator. To ensure proper animal and public health, any medications are administered in a judicious fashion in accordance with the American Association of Avian Pathologist’s Judicious Use Guidelines. While the regulations state that vehicles should not be overloaded, there are no details regarding minimum space per animal. There are no enforcement mechanisms relevant to this indicator. The Regulation explicitly allows for direct contact between animals and visitors under supervision of zoo employees, but that contact is not allowed to endanger animal welfare. However, reports suggest that as of 2016 there was only one pig farm left in the country and that the Government is no longer accepting applications for licenses for pig farms. Wider government stakeholders are brought into this recognition, for example through the formation of animal welfare committees under Article 15. Animals in captivity are provided protections under both the Animal Protection Law (2004) and the supplementary regulations regarding zoos and the private keeping of wild animals. The general anti-cruelty provision in Article 14(a) of the Animal Protection Law (2004) applies to this category of animals. This includes whether there is allocation of responsibility, accountability and resources within government to protect animals. The Regulation on Minimum Standards for the Protection of Calves (2014) was introduced to move Turkey towards alignment with EU standards of care. In addition, Article 14(c) and (d) prohibits selling domestic pets to persons who have not received training in animal care, or to those under 16 years old. belief that happy, healthy turkeys will grow to their full potential and ultimately Humane husbandry standards are outlined for pigs, cattle, ducks, rabbits, and sheep. The Animal Protection Law (2004), although apparently relevant to wild animals, does not contain detailed provisions for this category of animals. Article 14(b) of the Animal Protection Law (2004) prohibits forcing an animal to carry out actions that are clearly beyond its strength, and Article 14(i) prohibits working animals when they are ill, when two thirds of their pregnancy is completed or when they have recently given birth.